Peripheral Arterial Disease: Understanding and Managing a Silent Threat

PAD is caused by atherosclerosis, where plaque builds up in the arteries, limiting circulation. While PAD can cause pain and discomfort in the legs, it is also a significant warning sign of widespread atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Early detection of PAD is crucial as many individuals may be asymptomatic in the early stages, making it a silent yet serious threat to overall cardiovascular health.

Symptoms of PAD can range from leg pain during walking (claudication) to critical limb ischemia in advanced cases, where blood flow is severely reduced, risking limb loss. Diagnosing PAD often involves measuring the ankle-brachial index (ABI), which compares blood pressure in the ankle and arm to assess blood flow. PAD management includes lifestyle changes, medication to manage risk factors (such as high cholesterol and blood pressure), and in severe cases, surgical interventions like angioplasty or bypass surgery.

Preventing PAD requires a proactive approach to cardiovascular health, focusing on controlling risk factors like smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. Early diagnosis and management can prevent progression and reduce the risk of serious complications, including limb amputation. Raising awareness of PAD is essential for promoting early detection and reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease.